We include in this section those buildings or their remains that were initially conceived to facilitate the transport, storage or enjoyment of water in the city throughout history. The oldest example is the Roman cistern found under the current Plaza de la Pescadería, built in the 2nd century as part of the city's water supply infrastructure.

In this section we include the buildings initially created to serve as the headquarters of public organizations and institutions. This is the case, for example, of the Town Hall, which preserves an original part from the 16th century with magnificent Plateresque decoration, although its main façade corresponds to the neoclassical reform of the 19th century. The Archivo de Indias also deserves special mention, built in the 16th century as the Lonja de Mercaderes, a splendid work by Juan de Herrera that constitutes one of the pinnacles of Renaissance civil architecture in Spain.

Seville has numerous green spaces scattered throughout the urban area. They serve as a place of recreation for Sevillians and visitors and together they treasure a splendid botanical collection that has been built up over time and that means that in the city you can find numerous species of plants originating from the most diverse parts of the world. Among all the Sevillian gardens, the María Luisa Park, with its style between French and Andalusian, is the most popular and beautiful, constituting by itself an authentic patrimonial jewel of the city.

In the public spaces of Seville, a beautiful collection of monuments, of the most diverse styles, have been formed throughout history, which contribute to further beautify the city. Among them we can highlight the works of the great nineteenth-century sculptor Antonio Susillo, who made monuments such as the one by Velázquez in the Plaza del Duque or the one by Miguel de Mañara in the Jardines de la Caridad.

It is also worth mentioning all those that were erected in connection with the great event that was the Ibero-American Exposition of 1929. For the occasion, many of the city's public spaces were renovated, raising new monuments such as the one dedicated to Columbus on Paseo Catalina de Ribera or the allegorical fountain of Seville in Puerta de Jerez.

Seville has had various walled enclosures throughout its history. We know that the city was already walled in Roman times, although practically nothing has survived from those primitive walls to this day. The canvases that we can still see today in some areas of the city correspond to the refortification of the city undertaken in the last period of Muslim domination (XII-XIII).

Between the Almoravids and the Almohads they built more than seven kilometers of wall, the largest perimeter in medieval Europe. According to Miguel Ángel Tabales, up to 166 towers were interspersed in them, with 13 doors and 6 shutters. Most of these walls were demolished, especially in the 19th century, when a mentality prevailed that linked modernity with the demolition of the old medieval fence. Fortunately, some fragments have survived to this day, highlighting among them the stretch of about half a kilometer known as the Macarena Walls. At its ends, two of the city's historic gates, the Córdoba gate and the Arco de la Macarena, are also preserved, although highly modified.

The historic center of Seville has been populated throughout history with a huge number of churches, convents and monasteries, which constitute an exceptional artistic heritage. We can say that it is, together with Rome, the city with the largest and highest quality set of Christian architecture in the world. The oldest examples date back to the Middle Ages, when many of the historic parishes that have survived to this day were built, such as San Marcos, Omnium Sanctorum or Santa Ana.

After the Christian conquest, numerous religious orders settled in the city, which built their monastic centers on land ceded by the crown, which thus managed to encourage repopulation. Already in the thirteenth century, female convents such as San Clemente, Santa Clara or San Leandro were founded in Seville, and other male ones, such as those of San Pablo, Trinidad or San Francisco.

Since the beginning of the 16th century, Seville has become the 'Port and Gate of America' (Puerto y Puerta de América), channeling all trade between Europe and the New World. This circumstance was an enormous boost for the religious orders in the city, since a huge number of priests, friars and nuns would depart from here, in charge of the evangelization of the 'New World'.

During the Baroque, already in the 17th and 18th centuries, the construction of churches would experience a new period of splendor and many of the old medieval churches were extensively remodeled or even replaced. It was then that temples such as San Luis de los Franceses or El Divino Salvador were built, which deserve to be among the most outstanding examples of this style at a national level.

Seville has an exceptional collection of palaces and palatial residences, the result of its past commercial splendor and its character as a center of power throughout history. There are very few remains of Muslim palaces that have survived to this day, so we can consider the Gothic Palace of the Alcázar as the oldest preserved in the city. It was ordered to be built in the 13th century by Alfonso X, very shortly after the conquest.

Also in the Alcázar, the Palace of King Don Pedro, built in the mid-14th century, is an authentic jewel of the city, constituting the most complete and beautiful example of Mudejar civil architecture. Following his model, the aristocratic families of the city built their residences throughout the historic center of the city since the Late Middle Ages.

Although we have some examples from the 15th century, the true splendor of palatial architecture in Seville occurred in the 16th, when the Renaissance influence from Italy combined with the city's Mudejar tradition, resulting in an exquisite style that Examples are as beautiful as the Casa Pilatos or the Palacio de Dueñas.

All of them follow a fairly similar scheme in their structure, with the most important spaces of the residence around a main courtyard, which is generally porticoed on both levels, with marble columns supporting semicircular or lowered arches, often Profusely decorated with Plateresque or Mudejar tradition motifs. The rest of the dependencies are articulated around smaller patios or small gardens, which vary depending on the dimensions and importance of the palace. Outside, they tend to emphasize the main entrance with marble portals that generally follow Italian Renaissance models.